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His stern Scottish father, James, himself a recognized
philosopher/economist/historian, prepared the English philosopher/political
economist John Stuart Mill for his profession. James Mill observed his son's
early brilliance and determined that the boy should be educated exhaustively in
literature and the arts, science, history and philosophy. He read ancient works
in their original Greek and Latin. However, he declared that religious learning
was unnecessary and distracting. He kept any religious instruction away from
his son. His father liked Joseph Butler on religion. However, he slowly
believed that a perfect and powerful God would not create a world with so much
evil and suffering. He thought religion, with its music, ritual, liturgy, and
devotional life, were a waste of time. John Stuart flourished in his academic
studies in his teen years. He thought he had a goal to reform the world. Yet,
as he wrote in his Autobiography (Chapter
5) toward the end of his life, he realized that a profound sense of lostness
and longing had pervaded his heart. He referred to it as a malady of the mind
and melancholy. As a United Methodist, I could resist sharing this description
of his life, since he refers to his perception of Methodism.
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He says he hoped “the
cloud would pass away” on its own. He carried the cloud with him when he awoke
and throughout the day. This experience went on for months. He seemed unable to
shake the feeling even for a moment. The cloud became thicker and thicker. He went
back to his favorite books, but received no help. As much as he loved his
father, he would be the last person to whom he would turn with this type of
question. He slowly realized that his life thus far, at 20, was entirely
intellectual and analytical. This focus steadily eroded his feeling for people
and life. In some ways, the experience represents a shift from the
Enlightenment mentality that emphasized rational people in discussion and the
Romantic mentality that emphasized feeling. He refers to the dejected and
melancholy condition of his mind. Although his mind was crammed with
information, John Stuart Mill declared his soul was "starved." Here is
how he put it.
I
was thus, as I said to myself, left stranded at the commencement of my voyage,
with a well-equipped ship and a rudder, but no sail; without any real desire
for the ends which I had been so carefully fitted out to work for: no delight
in virtue, or the general good, but also just as little in anything else.
He recognized that he stood at the commencement of the voyage of his
life. He knew his father equipped him well, to the point where he could see the
beauty of the ship and the strong rudder. Yet, where was the sail? He no longer
had a sense of the goal or purpose of his “ship of life.” The ship of his life
looked good, but to what end and for what purpose? He did not know. He then
makes a literary reference to a poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge (Work Without
Hope, February 21, 1825).
Two lines of Coleridge, in whom alone of all
writers I have found a true description of what I felt, were often in my
thoughts, not at this time (for I had never read them), but in a later period
of the same mental malady [Here is the whole poem, of which Mill quoted only
the last two lines]:
All
Nature seems at work. Slugs leave their lair—
The bees are stirring—birds are on the wing—
And Winter slumbering in the open air,
Wears on his smiling face a dream of Spring!
And I the while, the sole unbusy thing,
Nor honey make, nor pair, nor build, nor sing.
Yet
well I ken the banks where amaranths blow,
Have traced the fount whence streams of
nectar flow.
Bloom, O ye amaranths! bloom for whom ye may,
For me ye bloom not! Glide, rich streams,
away!
With lips unbrightened, wreathless brow, I
stroll:
And would you learn the spells that drowse my
soul?
Work without Hope draws nectar in a sieve,
And Hope without an object cannot live.
Coleridge was quite right, of course, that nothing would put the soul
to sleep quicker than a life without hope.
All right, I am now ready to discuss the image of life as a ship in
need of a sail. Thus, I invite you to reflect upon the interesting image that our
lives are like a ship with a rudder that needs sails in order to catch the
wind. The sailor must then know how to adjust the sails to catch the wind and
go the right direction.
Even if you have a sail on a ship, does that make sailing easy?
In 1980, Christopher Cross sang a song with the title “Sailing.” The song
makes sailing have a dream-like quality.
Well it's not far down to paradise, at least's not for me
If the wind is right you can sail
away and find tranquility
Oh the canvas can do miracles,
just you wait and see, believe me
It's not far to never, never land, reason to pretend
And if the wind is right you can
find the joy of innocence again
Oh the canvas can do miracles,
just you wait and see, believe me
Sailing, takes me away
To where I've always heard it
Just a dream and the wind to
carry me
Soon I will be free
Fantasy, it gets the best of me when I'm sailing
All caught up in the reverie
Every word is a symphony, won't
you believe me?
Sailing, takes me away
To where I've always heard it
Just a dream and the wind to
carry me
Soon I will be free
It's not far back to sanity at least it's not for me
And when the wind is right you
can sail away and find serenity
Oh the canvas can do miracles,
just you wait and see, believe me
Sailing, takes me away
To where I've always heard it
Just a dream and the wind to
carry me
Soon I will be free
I do not recall being in a boat with sails. I have seen them. To watch
someone else makes it look like it would be the escapist dream, the ultimate
get-a-way. Occasionally, it seems like it would be good to relax, put up the
sail, and go wherever the wind took you.
In one of my churches, however, a physician loved to sail. It was a
passion. He went to the ocean for his vacation and threw himself and his family
into sailing. The pictures of him in the sailboat made it clear that he was in
his element. At the same time, the family talked of how much work it was. Sailing
in a way that properly catches the wind is not an easy job. Properly done,
though, the ship seems to move magically across the water, propelled by an
invisible and unquenchable power.
If the wind stopped blowing, sailors called it “becalmed.” When you
made good time sailing, you were enjoying “Godspeed.”’
It seemed like the philosopher John Stuart Mill wanted a “Godspeed”
life for which all his education had not given him. He needed something else in
his life.
Well, I am preacher, so I hope you will not mind the analogy. “Spirit”
in both Greek and Hebrew also has the meaning of “wind.” Our lives can be like
a ship with a rudder but without a sail. We need to learn to hoist the sail,
and under certain conditions, it is not easy. Sometimes, the wind is not blowing
and we need to wait. Learning to hoist the sail of your life properly is our
attentiveness to God. Sailing spiritually is not easy. Learning to do so is
worth it.
Godspeed.